@font-face{font-family:Manrope;src:url(/fonts/manrope.woff2) format("woff2");font-weight:400 800;font-style:normal;font-display:optional}@font-face{font-family:"Source Serif 4";src:url(/fonts/serif.woff2) format("woff2");font-weight:400 650;font-style:normal;font-display:optional}@font-face{font-family:"Source Serif 4";src:url(/fonts/serif-italic.woff2) format("woff2");font-weight:400 500;font-style:italic;font-display:optional}@font-face{font-family:Manrope Fallback;src:local("Arial"),local("ArialMT"),local("Liberation Sans");font-weight:400 599;size-adjust:104.5%;ascent-override:102%;descent-override:28.7%;line-gap-override:0%}@font-face{font-family:Manrope Fallback;src:local("Arial Bold"),local("Arial-BoldMT"),local("Liberation Sans Bold");font-weight:600 779;size-adjust:102.6%;ascent-override:103.9%;descent-override:29.2%;line-gap-override:0%}@font-face{font-family:Manrope Fallback;src:local("Arial Bold"),local("Arial-BoldMT"),local("Liberation Sans Bold");font-weight:780 900;size-adjust:102%;ascent-override:104.5%;descent-override:29.4%;line-gap-override:0%}@font-face{font-family:"Source Serif Fallback";src:local("Georgia"),local("Liberation Serif");font-style:normal;size-adjust:102%;ascent-override:101.5%;descent-override:32.8%;line-gap-override:0%}@font-face{font-family:"Source Serif Fallback";src:local("Georgia Italic"),local("Georgia-Italic"),local("Liberation Serif Italic");font-style:italic;size-adjust:88.4%;ascent-override:117.2%;descent-override:37.9%;line-gap-override:0%}:root{color-scheme:light;--bg:#ffffff;--bg-2:#f4f7f6;--band:#ecf4f1;--band-line:#d3e3dd;--surface:#ffffff;--ink:#10201c;--ink-2:#34453f;--ink-3:#55655f;--line:#d5dfdb;--line-2:#e6ecea;--edge:#74847e;--accent:#0a6b5b;--accent-2:#0d7d6a;--accent-wash:#dcefe9;--link:#0a6656;--focus:#0a6b5b;--target:#b04a1a;--error:#a3360f;--error-wash:#fbece5;--ok:#0a6b5b;--mark:#fff1b8;--m-basic:#0e6a5a;--m-basic-ink:#ffffff;--m-bah:#a9512a;--m-bah-ink:#ffffff;--m-bah-grid:rgba(255,255,255,0.22);--m-bas:#f3e3c9;--m-bas-ink:#10201c;--m-bas-dot:#8a6a3c;--s-before:#0e6a5a;--s-step:#8cc9b9;--s-open:#ffffff;--s-you:#10201c;--k-special:#e3a43b;--k-special-ink:#10201c;--k-special-line:rgba(16,32,28,0.2);--k-allowance:#7a4a6d;--k-allowance-ink:#ffffff;--k-school:#5c6623;--k-school-ink:#ffffff;--k-plan-a:#33433e;--k-plan-a-ink:#ffffff;--k-plan-b:#f1f4f3;--k-plan-b-ink:#10201c;--k-plan-b-line:#33433e;--k-yours:#2f5390;--k-yours-ink:#ffffff;--k-matched:#d7e2f4;--k-matched-ink:#10201c;--k-matched-line:#2f5390;--ad-bg:#e9e4dc;--shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(16,32,28,0.06),0 8px 24px -12px rgba(16,32,28,0.18);--f-ui:"Manrope","Manrope Fallback",ui-sans-serif,system-ui,-apple-system,"Segoe UI",Roboto,Arial,sans-serif;--f-text:"Source Serif 4","Source Serif Fallback",ui-serif,Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;--f-num:var(--f-ui);--fs-xs:0.8125rem;--fs-small:0.9375rem;--fs-ui:1.0625rem;--fs-base:1.125rem;--fs-read:1.1875rem;--fs-lede:clamp(1.1875rem,1.1rem + 0.35vw,1.375rem);--fs-h1:clamp(2.125rem,1.6rem + 2.4vw,3.5rem);--fs-h2:clamp(1.5rem,1.3rem + 0.9vw,2.125rem);--fs-h3:1.25rem;--s1:0.25rem;--s2:0.5rem;--s3:0.75rem;--s4:1rem;--s5:1.5rem;--s6:2rem;--s7:3rem;--s8:4rem;--s9:6rem;--r1:6px;--r2:10px;--wrap:75rem;--text:42rem;--gutter:1rem;--ease:cubic-bezier(0.2,0.7,0.2,1);--t-fast:160ms;--t-slow:420ms;--ad-clear:168px}@media (min-width:640px){:root{--gutter:1.5rem}}@media (min-width:1024px){:root{--gutter:2rem}}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){:root:not([data-theme=light]){color-scheme:dark;--bg:#0f1614;--bg-2:#151e1b;--band:#14211d;--band-line:#24352f;--surface:#121a18;--ink:#e8efec;--ink-2:#c3d0cb;--ink-3:#9fb0aa;--line:#2b3a35;--line-2:#1f2b27;--edge:#7f948c;--accent:#6fd3bd;--accent-2:#8fe0cd;--accent-wash:#173a32;--link:#7fdcc6;--focus:#7fdcc6;--target:#ff9a5c;--error:#ff8f6b;--error-wash:#2c1a14;--ok:#6fd3bd;--mark:#4a3e0a;--m-basic:#4fbfa6;--m-basic-ink:#06231d;--m-bah:#e39563;--m-bah-ink:#2a1206;--m-bah-grid:rgba(42,18,6,0.2);--m-bas:#3a3226;--m-bas-ink:#e8efec;--m-bas-dot:#d9b98a;--s-before:#4fbfa6;--s-step:#2c6b5d;--s-open:#0f1614;--s-you:#e8efec;--k-special:#eab25a;--k-special-ink:#1d1406;--k-special-line:rgba(29,20,6,0.22);--k-allowance:#d29cc3;--k-allowance-ink:#23101e;--k-school:#c3cf7f;--k-school-ink:#151a05;--k-plan-a:#c3d0cb;--k-plan-a-ink:#0f1614;--k-plan-b:#18211e;--k-plan-b-ink:#e8efec;--k-plan-b-line:#c3d0cb;--k-yours:#93b4ea;--k-yours-ink:#0b1a33;--k-matched:#22324d;--k-matched-ink:#e8efec;--k-matched-line:#93b4ea;--ad-bg:#2e2b26;--shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.4),0 8px 24px -12px rgba(0,0,0,0.6)}}:root[data-theme=dark]{color-scheme:dark;--bg:#0f1614;--bg-2:#151e1b;--band:#14211d;--band-line:#24352f;--surface:#121a18;--ink:#e8efec;--ink-2:#c3d0cb;--ink-3:#9fb0aa;--line:#2b3a35;--line-2:#1f2b27;--edge:#7f948c;--accent:#6fd3bd;--accent-2:#8fe0cd;--accent-wash:#173a32;--link:#7fdcc6;--focus:#7fdcc6;--target:#ff9a5c;--error:#ff8f6b;--error-wash:#2c1a14;--ok:#6fd3bd;--mark:#4a3e0a;--m-basic:#4fbfa6;--m-basic-ink:#06231d;--m-bah:#e39563;--m-bah-ink:#2a1206;--m-bah-grid:rgba(42,18,6,0.2);--m-bas:#3a3226;--m-bas-ink:#e8efec;--m-bas-dot:#d9b98a;--s-before:#4fbfa6;--s-step:#2c6b5d;--s-open:#0f1614;--s-you:#e8efec;--k-special:#eab25a;--k-special-ink:#1d1406;--k-special-line:rgba(29,20,6,0.22);--k-allowance:#d29cc3;--k-allowance-ink:#23101e;--k-school:#c3cf7f;--k-school-ink:#151a05;--k-plan-a:#c3d0cb;--k-plan-a-ink:#0f1614;--k-plan-b:#18211e;--k-plan-b-ink:#e8efec;--k-plan-b-line:#c3d0cb;--k-yours:#93b4ea;--k-yours-ink:#0b1a33;--k-matched:#22324d;--k-matched-ink:#e8efec;--k-matched-line:#93b4ea;--ad-bg:#2e2b26;--shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.4),0 8px 24px -12px rgba(0,0,0,0.6)}*,:after,:before{box-sizing:border-box}html{text-size-adjust:100%;scroll-padding-top:1rem}body{margin:0;background:var(--bg);color:var(--ink);font:400 var(--fs-base) /1.6 var(--f-ui);font-feature-settings:lining-nums proportional-nums;font-variant-numeric:lining-nums proportional-nums;overflow-wrap:break-word;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility}h1,h2,h3,h4{font-family:var(--f-ui);color:var(--ink);line-height:1.15;margin:1.6em 0 .5em;text-wrap:balance}h1{font-size:var(--fs-h1);font-weight:800;letter-spacing:-.032em;margin-top:.2em}h2{font-size:var(--fs-h2);font-weight:780;letter-spacing:-.022em}h3{font-size:var(--fs-h3);font-weight:720;letter-spacing:-.01em;line-height:1.3}h4{font-size:1.0625rem;font-weight:700}dl,ol,p,ul{margin:0 0 1em}a{color:var(--link);text-decoration-thickness:1px;text-underline-offset:.18em}a:hover{text-decoration-thickness:2px}:focus-visible{outline:3px solid 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.25em;border-radius:3px}.keepcase{text-transform:none}::selection{background:var(--accent-wash);color:var(--ink)}::marker{font-feature-settings:"pnum";font-variant-numeric:proportional-nums}.wrap{max-width:var(--wrap)}.article-wrap,.text-wrap,.wrap{margin:0 auto;padding:0 var(--gutter)}.article-wrap,.text-wrap{max-width:calc(var(--text) + 2 * var(--gutter))}main{display:block;min-height:60vh}main:focus{outline:none}.page-end{padding-bottom:var(--s8)}.section{margin:var(--s8) 0}.section-head{max-width:46rem;margin-bottom:var(--s5)}.section-head h2{margin:0 0 var(--s2)}.section-head p{color:var(--ink-2);margin:0}.rule{position:relative;height:1px;background:var(--line);border:0;margin:0 0 var(--s5)}.rule:before{content:"";position:absolute;left:0;top:-1px;width:2.5rem;height:3px;background:var(--accent);border-radius:2px}.site-header{position:relative;z-index:5;background:var(--bg);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.header-row{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:var(--s2) var(--s4);min-height:4rem;padding-top:.25rem;padding-bottom:.25rem}.brand{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:.6rem;color:var(--ink);min-height:44px;font-family:var(--f-ui)}.brand,.brand:hover .brand-name{text-decoration:none}.brand-mark{width:30px;height:14px;color:var(--accent);flex:none}.brand-name{font-size:1.1875rem;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:-.02em}.brand-name .and{font-family:var(--f-text);font-style:italic;font-weight:400;color:var(--accent);letter-spacing:0;padding:0 .08em}.menu ul,.site-nav ul{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.site-nav ul{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:var(--s1)}.menu a,.site-nav a{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;min-height:44px;padding:0 var(--s3);color:var(--ink-2);font-size:var(--fs-ui);font-weight:600;text-decoration:none;border-radius:var(--r1)}.menu a:hover,.site-nav a:hover{color:var(--ink);background:var(--bg-2)}.menu a[aria-current],.site-nav a[aria-current]{color:var(--ink);box-shadow:inset 0 -3px 0 var(--accent);border-radius:0}.menu a[aria-current]{box-shadow:inset 3px 0 0 var(--accent)}.mobile-nav{display:none;position:relative}.menu-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;min-height:44px;min-width:44px;padding:0 var(--s4);cursor:pointer;list-style:none;border:1px solid var(--edge);border-radius:999px;font-weight:700;font-size:var(--fs-ui);color:var(--ink);background:var(--bg)}.menu-btn::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}.mobile-nav .i-close,.mobile-nav .when-open,.mobile-nav[open] .i-open,.mobile-nav[open] .when-closed{display:none}.mobile-nav[open] .i-close,.mobile-nav[open] .when-open{display:inline}.mobile-nav[open] .menu-btn{background:var(--ink);color:var(--bg);border-color:var(--ink)}.menu{position:absolute;right:0;top:calc(100% + 8px);z-index:10;width:min(22rem,calc(100vw - 2 * var(--gutter)));background:var(--surface);border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:var(--r2);padding:var(--s2);box-shadow:var(--shadow)}.menu a{display:flex;width:100%;font-size:var(--fs-base)}.menu{max-height:calc(100dvh - 5.5rem);overflow-y:auto;overscroll-behavior:contain}.menu-tools{padding:var(--s1) var(--s1) var(--s2);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);margin-bottom:var(--s2)}.menu-group+.menu-group{margin-top:var(--s2)}.menu-gh{margin:0;padding:var(--s2) var(--s2) 0;font-size:var(--fs-small);font-weight:700;color:var(--ink-3)}.menu-tools ul{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));grid-gap:0 var(--s1);gap:0 var(--s1)}.menu-tools a{font-size:var(--fs-small);font-weight:650;padding:0 var(--s2);color:var(--ink);line-height:1.25}.menu-tools a[aria-current]{box-shadow:inset 3px 0 0 var(--accent)}@media (max-width:20em){.menu-tools ul{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr)}}@media (max-width:760px){.site-nav{display:none}.mobile-nav{display:block}}.page-head{padding:var(--s6) 0 var(--s5)}.crumbs ol{list-style:none;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;gap:0;margin:0 0 var(--s3);padding:0;font-size:var(--fs-small);color:var(--ink-3)}.crumbs li{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;white-space:nowrap}.crumbs li:not(:last-child):after{content:"/";margin:0 var(--s2) 0 var(--s1);color:var(--ink-3)}.crumbs li:has(+li.sr-only):after{content:none}.crumbs a{color:var(--ink-2);display:inline-flex;align-items:center;min-height:44px;min-width:44px;padding:0 2px}@media (max-width:599px){.crumbs li:last-child:not(:first-child){position:absolute;width:1px;height:1px;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);white-space:nowrap}.crumbs li:nth-last-child(2):after{content:none}}@media (max-width:20em){.crumbs li{white-space:normal}}.eyebrow{margin:0 0 var(--s3);font-size:var(--fs-small);font-weight:700;color:var(--accent);letter-spacing:0;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:baseline}.eyebrow:has(>*){margin-left:-1.1em;-webkit-clip-path:inset(-.5em -.5em -.5em 1.1em);clip-path:inset(-.5em -.5em -.5em 1.1em)}.eyebrow>*{position:relative;padding-left:1.1em}.eyebrow>:before{content:"·";position:absolute;left:0;width:1.1em;text-align:center;color:var(--ink-3);font-weight:700}.eyebrow .muted{font-weight:600;color:var(--ink-3)}.page-title{margin:0 0 var(--s3);max-width:14.8em}.page-title .voice,h1 .voice{font-family:var(--f-text);font-style:italic;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:-.01em;color:var(--accent)}.page-lede{font-family:var(--f-text);font-size:var(--fs-lede);line-height:1.55;color:var(--ink-2);max-width:40rem;margin:0}.meta{list-style:none;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:var(--s1) var(--s4);padding:0;margin:var(--s4) 0 0;font-size:var(--fs-small);color:var(--ink-3)}.meta li{white-space:nowrap}@media (max-width:20em){.meta li{white-space:normal}}.meta .k{color:var(--ink-2);font-weight:600}.chip-row{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:var(--s2);margin:0 0 var(--s3)}.prose{max-width:var(--text);font-family:var(--f-text);font-size:var(--fs-read);line-height:1.65}.prose h2,.prose h3{font-family:var(--f-ui)}.prose h2{margin-top:2em;font-size:clamp(1.375rem,1.25rem + .6vw,1.75rem)}.prose li{margin-bottom:.45em}.prose .note,.prose figcaption,.prose table{font-family:var(--f-ui)}.lede{font-family:var(--f-text);font-size:var(--fs-lede);color:var(--ink-2)}.note{display:flex;gap:var(--s3);align-items:flex-start;padding:var(--s3) var(--s4);margin:var(--s4) 0;background:var(--bg-2);border-left:3px solid var(--edge);border-radius:0 var(--r1) var(--r1) 0;font-family:var(--f-ui);font-size:var(--fs-small);line-height:1.55}.note p{margin:0}.advice-note{font-size:max(.875rem,var(--fs-small));color:var(--ink);border-left-color:var(--accent)}.advice-note .icon{margin-top:.2em;color:var(--accent)}.table-wrap{overflow-x:auto;margin:0 0 var(--s4)}.toc{margin:var(--s4) 0 var(--s6);padding:var(--s4) var(--s5);border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:var(--r2);font-family:var(--f-ui)}.toc h2{margin:0 0 var(--s2);font-size:1rem;font-weight:700}.toc ol{padding-left:1.4em}.toc li,.toc ol{margin:0}.toc a{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;min-height:44px}.sources{margin:var(--s7) 0 var(--s6);font-size:var(--fs-small);font-family:var(--f-ui);max-width:52rem}.sources h2{font-size:1.25rem;margin:0 0 var(--s3)}.sources ol{padding-left:1.6em;margin:0}.sources li{padding:var(--s2) 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line-2)}.sources li::marker{color:var(--ink-3)}.sources a{display:inline;font-weight:600}.src-meta{display:block;color:var(--ink-3)}a.ext:after{content:"↗";display:inline-block;margin-left:.15em;font-size:.85em;text-decoration:none;color:var(--ink-3)}.as-of{font-size:var(--fs-small);color:var(--ink-3);margin:var(--s2) 0}.as-of a{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;min-height:44px}.not-modeled{color:var(--ink-2)}.not-modeled strong{color:var(--ink)}.range-note{font-size:var(--fs-small);color:var(--ink-2)}.rn-mark{font-weight:700;color:var(--accent);margin-right:.35em}.check-source{font-size:var(--fs-small)}.how-math{margin:var(--s7) 0;max-width:52rem}.how-math h2{margin-top:0}.how-intro{font-family:var(--f-text);font-size:var(--fs-read);color:var(--ink-2)}.how-list{list-style:none;counter-reset:how;padding:0;margin:0 0 var(--s4)}.how-list>li{counter-increment:how;position:relative;padding:var(--s4) 0 var(--s4) 3.25rem;border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.how-list>li:before{content:counter(how);position:absolute;left:0;top:var(--s4);width:2.25rem;height:2.25rem;display:grid;place-items:center;border:1.5px solid 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